Which of the following options is NOT part of the use of force model?

The use of force model is a framework that guides law enforcement and security personnel in determining the appropriate level of force to engage when faced with a situation that requires a response. This model is structured to escalate in response to perceived threats, emphasizing the need for de-escalation and the use of the least amount of force necessary.

Intermediate weapons, while an important tool in certain situations, are categorized within a specific segment of the use of force model that deals with controlled and graduated responses to threats. These weapons typically come into play after verbal commands and presence, which are both considered lower levels of force. Specifically, intermediate weapons include items such as batons and pepper spray, used when lesser forms of force are insufficient to control a situation.

The presence of an officer, the use of verbal commands, intermediate weapons, and the application of deadly force all represent increasingly serious levels of response. Therefore, noting this hierarchy of response options, the choice that is not traditionally considered part of the use of force model is the application of intermediate weapons. This is primarily because intermediate weapons fall under the broader category of force options that escalate after initial approaches, such as presence and verbal commands, rather than being facets of the foundational model itself.