What constitutes an "unlawful act" for security personnel in Texas?

An unlawful act for security personnel in Texas is defined by actions that exceed the boundaries of the law and violate a person's rights or safety. Using excessive force when detaining a suspect falls under this category because it disregards the principle of proportionality and necessity in the use of force. Security personnel are expected to exercise restraint and only use reasonable force that is proportionate to the threat posed by a suspect. If they employ excessive force, it not only undermines ethical standards but also may lead to legal consequences, such as civil liability or criminal charges related to assault.

The other actions, while potentially problematic in certain contexts, do not inherently constitute unlawful acts—patrolling private property without permission may be an issue of trespass but does not necessarily constitute an unlawful act if the security personnel have implicit permission. Using a baton for self-defense and stopping a suspect for questioning also have contexts where they might be justified legally and ethically, provided that the actions are reasonable and appropriate given the circumstances.